LANAO DEL
SUR PROFILE
Brief
History
Lanao del Sur has a long and colorful history to share. Lanao is the
home of the Maranao Sultanate known
today as the four principalities or Pat a
Pangampong sa Ranao, namely Masiu,
Unayan, Balo-i and Bayabao. The
Sultanate governs independently through an unwritten code referred to as Igma Ago Taritib (Order and Consensus).
Its political power and domain is equally recognized by the state like those in
Sulu and Maguindanao.
In the heyday of colonialism, Lanao is proud to have resisted the
succeeding foray of Spanish, American and Japanese intrusions. The saga of
Maranao heroes who fought bravely in the so-called Moro Wars during the Spanish
colonization along with their Tausug and Maguindanao brothers are living
proofs. The legendary battles of Bayang, Sultan Gumander, Ganassi and Tugaya
records Maranao fighters armed with kris,
spear, bow and arrow faced the canons and rifles of the Americans,
exhibiting Maranao assertion for freedom and distinct political identity. The
Japanese likewise failed following the fate of its predecessors.
The creation of Lanao del Sur is dated during the height of the
Commonwealth government campaign for settlement in Mindanao. The undivided
Lanao was administratively part and a political unit of the Moro province by
virtue of Philippine Commission Act No. 787. Thereafter, in May 27, 1959 by virtue
of Republic Act No. 2228, the unified Lanao was divided into two distinct
provinces, namely Lanao del Sur and Lanao del Norte.
Lanao del Sur was officially chartered on July 4, 1959.
Lanao del Sur went through phases of political changes. As a result of
the negotiated settlement with the MNLF (Tripoli Agreement) during the Martial
Law years, President Marcos issued P.D. No. 742 which included Lanao del Sur in
the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM). The constituents of Lanao del
Sur affirmed the province inclusion in ARMM during the plebiscite on February
19, 1989. Although Marawi City refused to join first, it reconsidered its
position later in 2001.
Lanao del Sur is currently composed of 39 municipalities and Marawi
City. It consists of 1,159 barangays and is divided into two congressional
districts.
Lanao Del Sur by District,
Municipality and Number of Barangays
Municipality
|
Number of Barangays
|
Municipality
|
Number of Barangays
|
District I
1. Buadipuso
Buntong
2. Bubong
3. Bumbaran
4.
Ditsaan-Ramain
5. Kapai
6. Lumba
Bayabao
7. Maguing
8. Marantao
9. Masiu
10. Mulondo
11. Piagapo
12. Poona
Bayabao
13.
Saguiaran
14. Tagoloan
15. Tamparan
16. Taraka
17. Wao
18. Marawi
City
|
33
36
17
35
20
38
34
34
35
26
37
25
30
19
44
43
26
96
|
District II
1. Bacolod
Kalawi
2. Balabagan
3. Balindong
4. Bayang
5. Binidayan
6. Butig
7. Calanogas
8. Ganassi
9. Kapatagan
10. Lumbatan
11. Lumbac-Unayan
12. Lumbayanague
13. Madalum
14. Madamba
15. Malabang
16. Marogong
17. Pagayawan
18. Pualas
19. Sultan Dumalondong
20. Sultan
Gumander
21. Tubaran
22. Tugaya
|
26
27
38
49
26
17
17
32
15
20
9
22
37
24
37
24
18
23
7
19
21
23
|
18
|
628
|
22
|
531
|
Geographical Location
The province
of Lanao del Sur is located at latitude 7’ 24’ 34” and nestled in the
hinterland of Mindanao at an elevation of 702 meters above sea level. It
occupies the extensive plateau of North Central Mindanao and surrounds the
basin of Lake Lanao. The province of Bukidnon bounds it on the east, on the
south of it is Maguindanao and North Cotabato, on the west is Illana Bay and on
the northwest is the province of Lanao del Norte.
Lanao del Sur
is well-enclosed within the Bukidnon-Lanao highland areas with a series of
plateaus, plains, highlands and basins, rolling hills and volcanoes whose
mountain ranges serve as a natural boundary from Maguindanao and Cotabato. The
province has a total land area of 13,754.24 square kilometers with 387.32
square kilometers of water area composed of lakes and swamps.
Along the
northwest portion, the province of Lanao del Sur is accessible through the 36-kilometer
Iligan City-Marawi City National Highway. The province is also about
137-kilometer from Cagayan de Oro City through a well-paved road travelled by
many public vehicles. On the other hand, the Marawi City-Malabang-Cotabato City
route, passing through the Narciso Ramos Highway, connects the province to
Maguindanao and other southern Mindanao provinces.
Land Area and Classification
The province
has a total land area of 13,375.24 square kilometres with an estimate of 387.32
square kilometres of water area composed of useful lakes and swamps. The
municipality of Bubong occupies the biggest land area of 798.50 square
kilometers while the municipality of Lumbaca Unayan has the smallest land area
of 42.28 square kilometers.
The Bureau of Soils identified
eleven (11) types of soil common in the province, a large portion of which is
suitable for rice and a corn. Salaman Loam clay accounts for 0.52%, Ramain and
Buaya-an loam clay with 0.50%, and Pu-an loam clay with 0.21%. All these are
identified as good types of land suitable for agricultural cultivation.
The moderately good
type of soil is the Binidayan silt loam which is 11.1%, while the fairly good
soil but limited for cultivation are the Adtuyo clay loam, Langkong Sandy loam and
Kundarangan clay loam comprising about 33.3% land with a soil type limited to
pasture and forest are the Malabang sandy loam, Adtuyo-bam Castillan Complex,
Caromatan Silt Loam, Bolinao Silt loam, Kidapawan clay loam and Jansan clay
loam with and aggregate percentage of 15.62%. Land with a soil type suitable
for forestry is the mountain soil with 30.15%. Another soil type is the
Kudarang loam clay which comprises about 30.15%.
Timberland forms 65.6 %
of the province while the remaining 34.2% is classified as alienable and
disposable. In 1986, the NSO data revealed that 1,331 square kilometers was
certified as A&D land and 2,540.7 square kilometers as forestland. In 1997,
however, there was a decrease of 11.85% of the total forest land, thus, decreasing
the forest land to 53.75% while the Alienable and Disposable land area had
increased to 46.25%.
The A&D lands of
the province have a total area of 1,502.523 square kilometers. The largest
A&D land, with an area of 167.040 square kilometers, is found in the
Municipality of Tagoloan and the smallest A&D land, with only 5.125 square
kilometers, is in the Municipality of Madalum.
The production areas within
A&D lands constitute a total of 843.86 square kilometers which are divided
according to the type of crops planted, such as: 192.623 square kilometers for
seasonal crops; 507.384 square kilometers for annual crops and 5.766 for
perennial crops and fruit bearing trees.
Climate
The thick and
lush forest surrounding the province provides a natural shield against typhoons
and floods. Lying hundreds of meters below sea level, the province has a cool
temperature, which dwindles between 16.0 to 22.0°C adding to its tourism
potential during summers. The lowest recorded temperature was 12° C.
Mostly sunny
days can be expected from March to May. Monsoon rains usually begin around the
mid of June and last until mid-to-late of October. November to February is cold
months. During these months, four or five days of awfully cold weather are
often followed by a few warmer days.
Demography
Lanao
del Sur had a population of 1045429 per 2015 population count by the Philippine
Statistics Authority.
Total Population by
Province, City, Municipality: as of August 1, 2015
Province, City,
Municipality
|
Total Population
|
|
2015 POCPCEN
|
||
LANAO DEL SUR
|
1,045,429
|
|
BACOLOD-KALAWI (BACOLOD
GRANDE)
|
20,841
|
|
BALABAGAN
|
26,819
|
|
BALINDONG (WATU)
|
29,180
|
|
BAYANG
|
23,965
|
|
BINIDAYAN
|
22,079
|
|
BUBONG
|
22,336
|
|
BUTIG
|
19,302
|
|
GANASSI
|
23,016
|
|
KAPAI
|
18,894
|
|
LUMBA-BAYABAO
|
36,151
|
|
LUMBATAN
|
19,105
|
|
MADALUM
|
23,127
|
|
MADAMBA
|
17,756
|
|
MALABANG
|
43,957
|
|
MARANTAO
|
32,974
|
|
MASIU
|
29,176
|
|
MULONDO
|
16,067
|
|
PAGAYAWAN (TATARIKAN)
|
13,139
|
|
PIAGAPO
|
25,440
|
|
POONA BAYABAO (GATA)
|
22,227
|
|
PUALAS
|
12,866
|
|
DITSAAN-RAMAIN
|
22,299
|
|
SAGUIARAN
|
24,619
|
|
TAMPARAN
|
25,874
|
|
TARAKA
|
23,644
|
|
TUBARAN
|
14,749
|
|
TUGAYA
|
23,814
|
|
WAO
|
45,862
|
|
MAROGONG
|
21,319
|
|
CALANOGAS
|
13,750
|
|
BUADIPOSO-BUNTONG
|
16,130
|
|
MAGUING
|
24,531
|
|
PICONG (SULTAN
GUMANDER) 4
|
16,615
|
|
LUMBAYANAGUE
|
16,372
|
|
BUMBARAN (AMAI
MANABILANG)
|
10,401
|
|
TAGOLOAN II
|
11,169
|
|
KAPATAGAN
|
15,521
|
|
SULTAN DUMALONDONG
|
11,298
|
|
LUMBACA-UNAYAN 5
|
7,260
|
|
MARAWI CITY (Capital)
|
201,785
|
|
Religion
The
population of the province is predominantly Muslims, comprising about 92.4%
making Marawi City as the only Islamic City of The South.
People
Meranao
was originally spelled as Maranaw which was derived from the phrase “taw sa
ranaw” or people of the lake.
Source: Provincial Planning and Development Office and www.lanaodelsur.gov.ph
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